Moreover, expression of sAPPa in APP-deficient mice could rescue their deficits in learning, spatial memory, and long-term potentiation [2]. Loss of the Drosophila APP-like (APPL) protein impairs associative olfactory memory formation and middle-term memory that can be rescued with a secreted APPL fragment;Together these findings suggest that sAPPa has wide potential to act as either a preventative or restorative therapeutic treatment in AD by mitigating the effects of Aß toxicity and enhancing cognitive reserve.